Option B – The twentieth century: international relations from 1919

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Classic View

1: Were the peace treaties of 1919-23 fair?

2: To what extent was the League of Nations a success?

3: Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?

4: Who was to blame for the Cold War?

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Korea, 1950-53

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Cuba, 1959-62

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Vietnam, 1955-75

6: How secure was the USSR's control over Eastern Europe, 1948-c1989?

1: Were the peace treaties of 1919-23 fair?

WORLD – INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN EUROPE, 1914-39

Treaty of Versailles

Prof. David Stevenson, London School of Economics

GERMANY – THE EARLY YEARS OF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC, 1918-23

The Treaty of Versailles

Dr Nadine Rossol, Essex University

GERMANY – THE EARLY YEARS OF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC, 1918-23

Hyperinflation, the Ruhr Crisis and the Beer Hall Putsch

Dr Nadine Rossol, Essex University

2: To what extent was the League of Nations a success?

WORLD – INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN EUROPE, 1914-39

The League of Nations

Prof. David Stevenson, London School of Economics

3: Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Timeline

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Did Proportional Representation Cause Political Instability?

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Did the Power and Personality of the President Undermine the Republic?

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Was the Weimar Republic Undermined by Inflation?

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Was the Republic Destroyed by the Depression?

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

GERMANY – THE RISE OF THE NAZI PARTY, 1918-33

Did Hitler Come to Power Legally?

Prof. Sir Richard Evans, University of Cambridge

4: Who was to blame for the Cold War?

COLD WAR – EARLY TENSION BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, 1917-1946

Early Differences and the Formation of the Grand Alliance, 1917-42

Dr Andrew Johnstone, Leicester University

COLD WAR – EARLY TENSION BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, 1917-1946

Wartime Tensions and the Tehran Conference, 1942-44

Dr Andrew Johnstone, Leicester University

COLD WAR – EARLY TENSION BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, 1917-1946

Plans for the Post-War World and the Yalta Conference, 1944-45

Dr Andrew Johnstone, Leicester University

COLD WAR – EARLY TENSION BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, 1917-1946

Truman, the Atomic Bomb and the End of the War, 1945

Dr Andrew Johnstone, Leicester University

COLD WAR – EARLY TENSION BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, 1917-1946

The Post-War World, the Long Telegram and the Novikov Telegram, 1945-46

Dr Andrew Johnstone, Leicester University

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

Cold War Historiography

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

Post World War Tension, 1945-46

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

The US Declarations of Cold War, 1946-47

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

Early Cold War Tensions, 1948-49

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

The Globalisation and Militarisation of the Cold War, 1950

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - ORIGINS, 1945-50

Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Korea, 1950-53

COLD WAR – OVERVIEW, 1945-1991

The Korean War, 1950-53

Dr Thomas Tunstall Allcock, Manchester University

COLD WAR – THE KOREAN WAR AND THE UNITED STATES, 1950-53

Containment Before Korea, 1945-50

Prof. Steven Casey, London School of Economics

COLD WAR – THE KOREAN WAR AND THE UNITED STATES, 1950-53

US Intervention and Escalation, 1950

Prof. Steven Casey, London School of Economics

COLD WAR – THE KOREAN WAR AND THE UNITED STATES, 1950-53

Military Build-Up and the Dismissal of MacArthur

Prof. Steven Casey, London School of Economics

COLD WAR – THE KOREAN WAR AND THE UNITED STATES, 1950-53

The End of the War, 1952-53

Prof. Steven Casey, London School of Economics

COLD WAR – THE KOREAN WAR AND THE UNITED STATES, 1950-53

The Legacy of the War

Prof. Steven Casey, London School of Economics

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Cuba, 1959-62

US HISTORY – THE PRESIDENCY OF JOHN F. KENNEDY, 1961-63

The Cuban Missile Crisis

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962

Background: The Bay of Pigs and Operation Mongoose

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962

Nikita Khrushchev’s Decision to Send Missiles to Cuba

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962

Autumn 1962: Soviet Action and US Reaction

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962

The First Week of the Crisis (14-22 October)

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962

The Second Week of the Crisis (22-28 October)

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

COLD WAR – OVERVIEW, 1945-1991

The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

Dr Thomas Tunstall Allcock, Manchester University

COLD WAR – DÉTENTE, 1960-79

Why did the Cold War enter a new stage of crisis from 1960-63?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – DÉTENTE, 1960-79

The Crisis Years and the Start of Détente, 1960-63

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – DÉTENTE, 1960-79

Why did early Détente stall?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – DÉTENTE, 1960-79

How and why did Détente flourish after 1968?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – DÉTENTE, 1960-79

How and why did Détente end?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Vietnam, 1955-75

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

The Tet Offensive

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Nixon and Vietnamization

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Endgame

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Why Vietnam?

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

"Sink or Swim with Ngo Dinh Diem"

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Lyndon Johnson's War

Dr Patrick Hagopian, Lancaster University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

The French War in Vietnam in Fact and Fiction

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

The Role of the Atomic Bomb

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

US Containment Strategy

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

JFK and the Vietnam War

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

COLD WAR – THE COLD WAR IN ASIA, 1945-75

Western Policies

Prof. Kevin Ruane, Canterbury Christ Church University

US HISTORY – THE PRESIDENCY OF JOHN F. KENNEDY, 1961-63

Vietnam

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

US HISTORY – THE PRESIDENCY OF DWIGHT EISENHOWER, 1953-61

Later Foreign Policy: Vietnam, the CIA and the Soviet Union

Prof. Mark White, QMUL

US HISTORY – THE PRESIDENCY OF LYNDON B. JOHNSON, 1963-69

The Vietnam War

Dr Thomas Tunstall Allcock, Manchester University

COLD WAR – OVERVIEW, 1945-1991

The Vietnam War, 1955-75

Dr Thomas Tunstall Allcock, Manchester University

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Introduction

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Origins

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Escalation

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Stalemate

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Tet and After

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

US HISTORY – THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Legacies

Prof. Mark Lawrence, UT Austin

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

The Historical Debate

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

Two Assassinations

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

Escalating Events

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

What pressures were there for war?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

How much did domestic politics influence LBJ’s decision for war?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - THE ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1963-65

Conclusion

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

Was there a Cold War consensus in the US on the eve of the Vietnam War?

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

What were the origins of the Vietnam anti-war movement?

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

How effective was the Vietnam anti-war movement?

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

Why did public support for the Vietnam War decline?

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

The Pro-War Movement

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR - OPPOSITION AND SUPPORT FOR THE VIETNAM WAR, 1954-75

The Silent Majority and the End of the War

Prof Kendrick Oliver, Southampton University

COLD WAR – THE STALEMATE OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1965-67

Introduction

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – THE STALEMATE OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1965-67

What was US strategy in the air in Vietnam?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – THE STALEMATE OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1965-67

What was US strategy on the ground in Vietnam?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – THE STALEMATE OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1965-67

Homefronts and Diplomacy

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – THE STALEMATE OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1965-67

Was the Vietnam War unwinnable?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

The French Indochina War, 1946-54

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

Dien Bien Phu and the Geneva Conference, 1954

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

Leadership in North and South Vietnam, 1954-61

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

The Kennedy Administration in Vietnam, 1961-63

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

Counter-Insurgency Programs

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE EARLY VIETNAM WAR, 1945-63

The Kennedy Counterfactual

Dr Aurélie Basha i Novosejt, Kent University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

The Stalemate and NLF Strength

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

Planning the Tet Offensive

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

The Failures of the Tet Offensive

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

Sustained Losses and Johnson's Announcement

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

The Election of 1968

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – THE TET OFFENSIVE, 1968

Hamburger Hill

Prof. Edwin Moïse, Clemson University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

Nixon and Kissinger

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

Nixon and Kissinger's Priorities and the Early Administration, 1969

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

The Cambodian Campaign, Protests and Kissinger's Dominance, 1970-71

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

Triangulation, the Election of 1972 and Peace Talks, 1971-72

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

Peace, the Watergate Scandal and the Fall of Saigon, 1972-75

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – NIXON, KISSINGER AND THE END OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1969-75

The End of the War and its Aftermath

Prof. Thomas Schwartz, Vanderbilt University

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Origins, 1945-60

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Diem, Kennedy and the Coup, 1960-63

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Escalation, 1964-65

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

Stalemate and US Strategy, 1965-67

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

The Tet Offensive, 1968

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

COLD WAR – THE REVISIONIST INTERPRETATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR, 1945-75

The End of the War, 1969-75

Dr Mark Moyar, Amherst College

6: How secure was the USSR's control over Eastern Europe, 1948-c1989?

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Origins of East Germany, 1945-49

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Berlin Airlift, 1948-49

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Economy of East Germany

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Insurrection of 1953

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Rise of the Berlin Wall, 1961

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – EAST GERMANY, 1945-89

The Fall of the Berlin Wall, 1989

Prof. Patrick Major, Reading University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

Why was housing seen as so important to the building of a socialist society?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

Were women more emancipated in East Germany than in the West?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

To what extent did Stasi surveillance shape life in East Germany?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

How important was repression for the stability of the GDR?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

What was the role of the Protestant church in East Germany?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

GERMANY – LIFE IN EAST GERMANY, 1949-89

How did Ostpolitik change relations between West and East Germany?

Dr Marcel Thomas, Manchester University

COLD WAR – REAGAN, GORBACHEV AND THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1991

Introduction

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – REAGAN, GORBACHEV AND THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1991

Renewed Escalation, 1979-85

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – REAGAN, GORBACHEV AND THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1991

Genuine Détente, 1985-89

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – REAGAN, GORBACHEV AND THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1991

Why Did the Cold War End?

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

COLD WAR – REAGAN, GORBACHEV AND THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1991

The Post-Cold War World

Prof. Andrew Preston, University of Cambridge

Contents

1: Were the peace treaties of 1919-23 fair?

2: To what extent was the League of Nations a success?

3: Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?

4: Who was to blame for the Cold War?

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Korea, 1950-53

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Cuba, 1959-62

5: How effectively did the United States contain the spread of Communism? - Vietnam, 1955-75

6: How secure was the USSR's control over Eastern Europe, 1948-c1989?