The World of the Iliad

Homer: The Worlds of the Iliad and Odyssey

In a special set of two lectures, Dr Elton Barker (Open University) explores the worlds of the Homeric epics, suggesting in particular that both the Iliad and the Odyssey question the use of violence as a means of conflict-resolution. In the first module, we focus on the Iliad and Achilles' decision to summon an assembly in response to the dispute with Chryses. While this assembly eventually descends into chaos, it sets an important precedent (it is argued) that leads to the more orderly assemblies in Books 2 and 9, and ultimately to the law court scene depicted on Achilles' shield in Book 18. In the second module, we turn to the Odyssey. Here, we find Odysseus wavering between Iliad-style, impulsive violence, and a more considered approach. As we see during an in-depth study of Book 9, it is the latter approach that wins more kleos ('glory') for the hero, and not the knee-jerk violence of the Iliad.

The World of the Iliad

In the first module, we focus on the character of Achilles and his decision to summon an assembly in response to the Greeks' dispute with Chryses. Although this assembly eventually leaves Achilles reaching for his sword, it sets an important precedent that leads to the somewhat more orderly popular assemblies in Books 2 and 9, and ultimately (it is argued) to the law court scene depicted on Achilles' shield in Book 18.